Press under pressure

Media Pluralism Monitor

Mapping risks for media pluralism and the safety of journalists across Europe

The Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) is the first scientific project designed to measure the state of media with a genuinely holistic approach. It takes into account not just press freedom and the safety of journalists — which remain essential — but also the financial health of the media sector, patterns of media ownership and their influence on editorial independence, inclusivity within the media, and much more. For over a decade, we have refined our research methodology to keep pace with evolving challenges such as the swift rise of digital platforms and the long-awaited European Media Freedom Act. Our research findings have direct policy relevance: they are cited in the European Commission’s annual Rule of Law Report and have helped shape the discussion around the European Media Freedom Act.

Discover the MPM2025 interactive data

Quick links

The MPM at a glance

The Media Pluralism Monitor is:
→ a large-scale project spanning over a decade and involving over 70 researchers, including a core team and national experts.
→ a comprehensive tool that analyses more than 200 variables per country to assess media conditions across Europe.
→ a trusted resource for understanding the complex factors that shape the media ecosystem.

To identify vulnerabilities in national media systems that may threaten media pluralism, the MPM applies a methodology structured around 20 indicators, synthesising approximately 200 variables. These indicators span four key dimensions: Fundamental Protection, Market Plurality, Political Independence, and Social Inclusiveness.

The Media Pluralism Monitor is a project co-funded by the European Union.

Researchers

70+

Country reports

32

Indicators

20

Variables

200

European Media Freedom Act, press conference with Vera Jourova and Thierry Breton

Observatory on the European Media Freedom Act

As part of the Media Pluralism Monitor project, the Observatory offers independent scholarly analysis and facilitates discussions on this crucial legislation, its implementation, and enforcement. Established in 2022, the Observatory closely monitors the legislative process of the EMFA, engaging with a diverse range of stakeholders and cultivating a comprehensive network of media regulation experts from academia, civil society, industry, and governmental bodies.

The Observatory serves as a key reference point for understanding how the EMFA is applied across Member States, addressing issues such as editorial independence, transparency of media ownership, protection of journalists, and the impact of digital platforms. Through publications, events, and stakeholder collaboration, it bridges the gap between research and policy, supporting the effective enforcement of common EU standards for a free and pluralistic media landscape.

Discover the EMFA Observatory

Previous MPM implementations

Back to top